PROGRAMMING
Programming helps you understand the computers.
A set of rules that provides a way of telling a computer what operations to perform is called a programming language.
A program is a set of step-by-step instructions that directs the computer to do the tasks you want it to do and produce the results you want. Programmer’s job is to convert problem solutions into instructions for thecomputer.
Programmer prepares instructions of a computer program.
The programming Process
}Defining the problem
}Planning the solution
}Coding the program
}Testing the program
}Documenting the program
Symbol Meaning
}== Equals
}!= Not Equal
}< Less than
}<= Less than or equal to
} > Greater than
}>= Greater than or equal to
Programming as a Career
The Joys of the Field
What It Takes
Open Doors
Levels of Language
}Machine language
}Assembly languages
}High-level languages
}Very high-level languages
}Natural languages
Flowchart
is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting them with arrows.
a picture of the separate steps of a process in sequential order.
Flowchart Basic Procedure
}Define the process to be diagrammed. Write its title at the top of the work surface.
}Discuss and decide on the boundaries of your process: Where or when does the process start? Where or when does it end? Discuss and decide on the level of detail to be included in the diagram.
}Brainstorm the activities that take place. Write each on a card or sticky note. Sequence is not important at this point, although thinking in sequence may help people remember all the steps.
Algorithm
-a procedure or formula for solving aproblem.
-a step-by-step procedure for solving aproblem.
How does it work?
Start with input > Do complex calculations > Stop when we find the answer
Flowchart and Pseudocode
Write a program that reads two numbers and displays the numbers in decreasing order.
Introduction
COMPUTERS
Computers are machines that perform tasks or calculations according to a set of instructions, or programs. The first fully electronic computers, introduced in the 1940s, were huge machines that required teams of people to operate. Compared to those early machines, today's computers are amazing. Not only are they thousands of times faster, they can fit on your desk, on your lap, or even in your pocket.
Computers work through an interaction of hardware and software. Hardware refers to the parts of a computer that you can see and touch, including the case and everything inside it. The most important piece of hardware is a tiny rectangular chip inside your computer called the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor. It's the "brain" of your computer—the part that translates instructions and performs calculations. Hardware items such as your monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, and other components are often called hardware devices, or devices.
Software refers to the instructions, or programs, that tell the hardware what to do. A word-processing program that you can use to write letters on your computer is a type of software. The operating system (OS) is software that manages your computer and the devices connected to it. Windows is a well-known operating system.
The data collection company executives knew they couldn't
keep up with their competitors without upgrading their information technology sooner rather than later.
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